BDAS

BDAS
"Global" Information Certainty
Events
Dataset Category	Facial Images, Controlled
URL
Keywords
Related Technology
Owning institution	Ministry of Interior (Latvia)
Custodian institution	MInistry of Interior (Latvia)
Custodian institution	MInistry of Interior (Latvia)
has funding
has images	78000
has individuals	270000
runs database software	Software from RIX Technologies
runs search software
Dataset full name	Biometric Data Processing System
Dataset Category	Civil Database, Law Enforcement
Country	Latvia

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Type: Law Enforcement, Civilian Registry

• Details

Technical information:

Full name	Biometric Data Processing System
Country	Latvia
Contents	Facial Images Controlled
Images	78,000
Individuals	270,000
Runs database software	Software from RIX Technologies
URL"URL" is a type and predefined property provided by Semantic MediaWiki to represent URI/URL values.
Related Technology

Developers and Users:

Developed by
Owning institution	Ministry of Interior (Latvia)
Custodian institution	Ministry of Interior (Latvia)

What links here

Deployments

• BDAS Deployment (Latvia)

Products

Description

The implementation of FR in Latvia begun in 2009, when the Biometric Data Processing System (BDAS) Law was adopted and then, FR became fully operational in 2012. BDAS is used as a central biometric repository to store facial and fingerprint data collected by state institutions during different civil and criminal proceedings. Biometric data related to crime investigation is stored in a logically separated sub-database of BDAS referred to as the criminal data array. The BDAS criminal data array contains information obtained from detained, suspected, accused and convicted people and also from unidentified dead bodies. As of January 2020, there were more than 270 000 cases registered in the BDAS criminal data array and approximately 78 000 of these included facial images.

Only information in the criminal data array is used for FR searches during crime investigations, while all other sub-databases are unavailable because of both technical and legal restrictions. It is permissible for FR searches to be conducted by a wide range of police officers, when needed, during criminal investigations. The results of the search can only be used as an intelligence lead. 1

1.2. Organisations involved The Information Centre of the Ministry of Interior is the owner and custodian of BDAS. The State Police of the Ministry of Interior is the user of information in BDAS both in terms of entering the data and performing FR searches. 1References

1.

Sub-systems

Biometric Data Processing System involves the following sub-systems:

• Criminal data array;
• Civil data array;
• Asylum and migration data array (so called Eurodac array);
• AFIS1.

All the data arrays are logically separated from each other. The software for the database management is from the RIX Technologies.

Only the criminal data array is described in more detail in this section as it is the only subdatabase in BDAS used for FR during criminal investigations. The civil data and Eurodac arrays of BDAS will be addressed in Section 3.

The BDAS criminal data array is comprised of information acquired during investigative activities from detained, suspected, accused and convicted people and from unidentified dead bodies. As of January 2020, there were more than 270 000 cases registered in the BDAS criminal data array and approximately 78 000 of these contained facial images.

Alongside the digital photographs of the face and fingerprints, the following non-biometric information is stored in the criminal array of BDAS for controlled images: • Full name;

• Date of birth;
• Personal identity number (if such has been attributed);
• Nationality and its type (citizen, non-citizen, resident);
• Gender;
• Legal qualification of a criminal offence; • Criminal case number; • Justification for obtaining biometric data; • Institution that acquired the biometric data; • Date the biometric data was obtained.

Biometric and non-biometric data is always collected in parallel during a process which starts with the recording of biographic information. After this, photographs are taken, using a singlelens reflex camera with a resolution of at least five megapixels. The photography is followed by the collection of the fingerprints.

An automatic check of the biographic and biometric data is always performed before the data is entered into BDAS. All cases with mismatches between previous and current data are followed up.

If a person's data (all data or an individual data entity) is collected on more than one occasion, the data that was initially stored is replaced when the new data complies with the BDAS quality requirements and is of better quality than the previous data.

During enrolment of facial images into BDAS, a built-in quality assessment tool checks the quality of images and their compliance with the minimum requirements set in the system. Facial images must correspond to the requirements of ANSI/NIST ITL-1:2011 and ISO/IEC 19794-5 Part 5: Face image data. Images of insufficient quality are rejected by the system. For instance, quite often digital images of an unidentified dead body do not meet the quality requirements and the facial data is absent from the database.

The criminal data array of BDAS can be used by the police for the following purposes:

• Detection of criminal offences and search for persons who have committed a criminal offence;
• Prevention of criminal offences and other infringements of the law;
• Verification of the identity of detained, suspected, accused and convicted persons;
• Determination of the identity of a person during intelligence activities;
• Biometric identification of unidentified dead bodies;
• Searching for missing persons.

Data obtained as a result of the investigational activities are stored in BDAS for 75 years. Data relating to unidentified bodies is stored for 5 years.

Uncontrolled facial images are not stored in the criminal array of BDAS.1.

Facial recognition searches

MorphoTrust ABIS Search Engine (version 6.5.1) is used for FR searches. Currently, only very good-quality images can be searched against the database. Images obtained from video surveillance cameras cannot be used for searches in most cases, because of insufficient quality.

A wide range of persons working for law enforcement have the right to use the criminal array of BDAS, and are allowed to perform FR searches and evaluate the candidate lists. The search results can only be used for intelligence and operative purposes and cannot be used in courts per se. If 1:1 facial image comparisons are needed, these are performed by forensic experts.

Statistical data on the number of searches performed and matches obtained is not available.1.

Other databases and registers related to criminal activity that are not used for facial recognition

Besides BDAS, facial images are also stored in the Integrated Information System of the Interior, supervised by the Information Centre of the Ministry of Interior. The integrated system contains the following sub-systems that are used for storing information related to crimina activity:

• Single Register of Events;
• Register of Criminalistic Characterisation and Photographs of Persons.1.

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